World Encyclopedia | Environmental Sciences

What are the major social problems of Pakistan?  According to multiple studies following are the major social issues in Pakistan: Unemployment  Overpopulation' Child Abuse Drug Addiction Juvenile Delinquency  Child Labour Bonded Labour These issues have far-reaching effects on overall growth of Pakistani society. Unless the state of Pakistan addresses the underlying problems, there is not way that the country treads a forward journey of prosperity and success.  Major causes of social problems in Pakistan ·          Bad Governance--weak service delivery institutions ·          Political instability ·          poor law and order situation--judicial system ·          Widespread corruption at all levels ·          Illiteracy ·    ...

Introduction The Federally Administrated Tribal Area is a tribal region in Northwest of Pakistan. The territory is inhabited by various Pashtun tribes. It comprises 7 Tribal Agencies and 6 Frontier Regions. It was historically called “buffer against foreign aggression.” The agencies are: Bajaur, Mohmand, Orakzai, Khyber, Kurram, North Waziristan and South Waziristan. And the six FR are: Frontier Region Peshawar, Frontier Region Kohat, FR Bannu, FR Lakki Marwat, FR Tank and FR Dera Ismail Khan. FATA is integral part of federation under Article 1(c) of the constitution of Pakistan. Some Fast Facts: ⦁Total area 27,220 km2 ⦁Administrative centre Peshawar ⦁Biggest city Parachinar ⦁Six agencies share border with Afghanistan. ⦁Total population 5.1 million (2017) ⦁70% people below poverty line ⦁Literacy rate is 33% (male 45%, female 7%) ⦁Unemployment rate stood at 8%     Why mainstreaming is important? ⦁FATA has become a breeding ground for terrorists due to lac...

Background In 1944 Paul Lazarsfeld, (1901-1976) an American Social Researcher, Bernard Berelson (1912 – 1979) and Hazel Gaudet had introduced the Two-Step Flow of Communication theory in their book called “The people’s choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York: Columbia University Press”. Basically, at that time, common mass of people had little access to media, therefore, they heavily relied on the "buffer" between media and them. The ''buffer'' was usually a political person, having direct access to information, or a blog or a magazine or anyone wielding influence on people or an individual. The main focus of the theory were the American people whose voting preferences were based on how the "buffer" injected a certain piece of information in them. Main Actors of the theory  1. .Media: media transmits information to opinion leaders on a wide range of issues--society,politics,economy, religion, culture, foreign...